Here are the eight karmas (Ashta Karma) in Jainism, with their basic meaning and how they affect the soul. They are broadly divided into two groups: Ghatiya (defiling) and Aghatiya (undefiling).

1) Jnanavarniya (Knowledge-obscuring karma)

• What it does: Hinders the soul’s ability to know and understand. It does not destroy knowledge itself, but blocks its manifestation.
• Effect: Limits learning, understanding, and memory.
• Sub-divisions: Mati-jnanavarniya, Shrut-jnanavarniya, Avadhi-jnanavarniya, Manahparyaya-jnanavarniya, Keval-jnanavarniya.
• Ghatiya or not? Ghatiya (defiling).

2) Darshanavarniya (Perception-obscuring karma)

• What it does: Obscures or limits perception and right vision/faith.
• Effect: Affects how one sees the world, faith, and conviction in right teachings.
• Sub-divisions: Chakshu-darshanavarniya, Achakshu-darshanavarniya, Avadhi-darshanavarniya, Kevali-darshanavarniya.
• Ghatiya.

3) Mohaniya (Deluding karma)

• What it does: Deludes the soul, leading to wrong belief and wrong conduct.
• Effect: Makes one identify with the body and worldly outcomes, causing craving and aversion.
• Sub-divisions: Darshan Mohaniya, Charitra Mohaniya.
• Ghatiya.

4) Antaraya (Obstructing karma)

• What it does: Creates obstacles to the soul’s efforts, harming its ability to perform good deeds or attain liberation.
• Effect: Obstacles in charity, learning, or other virtuous activities.
• Sub-divisions: Danantaraya, Labhantaraya, Bhogantaraya, Upabhogantaraya, Viryantaraya.
• Ghatiya.

5) Vedaniya (Feeling-producing karma)

• What it does: Determines how the soul experiences pleasant or painful sensations.
• Effect: Brings happiness or suffering in experiences, based on past actions.
• Sub-divisions: Shatavedaniya (pleasant) and Ashatavedaniya (unpleasant).
• Ghatiya or Aghatiya? Aghatiya (undefiling).

6) Ayushya (Life-span determining karma)

• What it does: Determines the length of the soul’s future life.
• Effect: Affects how long the next birth lasts.
• Sub-divisions: Various types of duration based on karmic strength.
• Aghatiya.

7) Nama (Body-form or physique determining karma)

• What it does: Determines the kind of body, mind, and physical/mental traits the soul will have.
• Effect: The form of existence (human, divine, animal, etc.) and related attributes.
• Sub-divisions: Different aspects of body and nature.
• Aghatiya.

8) Gotra (Status or lineage determining karma)

• What it does: Determines social or familial status and spiritual inclination at birth.
• Effect: High or low family status, religious orientation, and life conditions.
• Sub-divisions: Different aspects of social status.
• Aghatiya.

Key point about the two groups

• Ghatiya karmas (1, 2, 4, 8) are said to defile or obstruct the true nature of the soul.
• Aghatiya karmas (3, 5, 6, 7) do not prevent the soul’s fundamental nature from being expressed, but they shape conditions of birth and experience.

Note on tradition differences

• The eight-category framework is common across Jain traditions (Digambara and Śvetāmbara). Minor sub-divisions and emphasis may vary in different Jain scriptures and commentaries, but the overall set and the distinction between ghatiya and aghatiya remain widely accepted.

If you’d like, I can summarize the exact sub-types and give brief examples from key Jain texts mentioned in tradition.