Astha-karma (Ashta-karmā) are the eight main kinds of karmic matter described in Jain philosophy that bind the soul and affect its experience in births and lives.

• Ghātiyā karmas (destructive to the soul’s true nature)

1) Jñānāvaraṇīya — knowledge-obscuring 2) Darśhanāvaraṇīya — perception-obscuring 3) Mohanīya — deluding 4) Antarāya — obstructing (obstructs energy/efforts)

• Aghātiyā karmas (non-destructive to the soul’s pure nature but shaping worldly experiences)

5) Vedanīya — feeling/pleasure and pain 6) Nāma — body/form determining 7) Gotra — status/family determining 8) Ayuḥ (Āyu) — life-span determining

Notes

• This is the standard eightfold division recognized by both Śvetāmbara and Digambara traditions; the explanations and sub-types may vary slightly between traditions, but the core list is the same.
• On attaining kevala-jñāna (omniscience), the four ghātiyā karmas are destroyed, and at final liberation the four aghātiyā karmas are shed.

You can read a simple overview here