Pankho Puja is a ritual performed in Jainism, particularly in the context of honoring Jain monks and nuns (sadhus and sadhvis). The word "pankho" refers to a hand fan, which is an essential item in the ascetic life of Jain monks and nuns. These fans are typically made from cloth or peacock feathers and are used by ascetics to gently move insects away, thus avoiding harm to living beings and adhering to the principle of ahimsa (non-violence).

Significance of Pankho Puja:

• Respect and Reverence: Pankho Puja is conducted as an expression of deep respect for the ascetics, who lead lives of great discipline and renunciation.
• Symbol of Ahimsa: The fan symbolizes the care and mindfulness with which Jain ascetics avoid harming even the smallest forms of life.
• Encouragement and Support: By performing this puja, lay followers (shravaks and shravikas) reaffirm their support and admiration for the monastic community.

How Pankho Puja is Performed:

• The monk's or nun's pankha (fan) is brought and placed on a special pedestal or altar.
• Devotees perform rituals such as offering flowers, rice, and sometimes applying sandalwood paste.
• Prayers, hymns, and mantras are recited to honor the ascetics and seek blessings.

Cultural Context:

• Pankho Puja is often performed during major Jain festivals, such as Paryushan and Samvatsari, or when visiting monks are present in a community.
• It serves as an educational moment, especially for younger generations, to understand the values of non-violence, humility, and reverence for spiritual teachers.

In summary, Pankho Puja is a unique and meaningful Jain ritual that underscores the core values of Jainism—ahimsa, humility, and spiritual discipline—while honoring the dedicated lives of Jain ascetics.