Khamat-khamana (forgiveness-speech) on Parushan and Samvatsari

• What it is: A core Jain practice of asking for forgiveness from all living beings for any mistakes committed through thoughts, words, or actions during the year. It is especially emphasized on Samvatsari, the last day of Paryushan for Śvetāmbara Jains. The practice is often done with the greeting or confession of “Micchami Dukkadam” and its variants. ( jainknowledge.com)

• Why it matters: It helps cleanse the heart, reduces anger and pride, and reinforces humility and compassion. It is part of the annual practice of pratikraman (introspection and atonement). ( jainknowledge.com)

• How it is done (brief):

- Perform samvatsari pratikraman (year-end repentance) with sincere reflection. - Seek forgiveness from all beings; grant forgiveness to others for any hurt received. - Many observe fasting or extra penances on this day to deepen the purification.

• Digambaras vs Śvetāmbaras: The two sects mark a Forgiveness Day during Paryushan but on different dates in their calendars. The spirit remains the same: to seek and grant forgiveness to purify the soul. ( jainknowledge.com, journalsofindia.com)

• Simple reminder phrase: Micchami Dukkadam (and variants like Khamau Sa, Kshama). This expresses the wish that all misdeeds be forgiven. ( jainknowledge.com)

You can read more here