Uttam Kshama means the supreme or highest forgiveness. It’s the first of the ten Dash Lakshan Dharma in Jainism and is especially emphasized during Paryushan/Das Lakshan. It invites us to forgive others fully and to seek forgiveness for our own faults, keeping a calm, non‑reactive mind. It’s taught in both Digambar and Shwetambar traditions, though rituals and wording may vary.

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