In Jain dharma, the ideal for household life is monogamy—one husband with one wife. The path taught by Jain sages emphasizes non-attachment, equality, and harmlessness (ahimsa) in all relations. While historical kings or people in society sometimes practiced polygamy, Jain teachings do not promote it as a virtuous or ideal standard for a layperson. Taking multiple wives can lead to unequal treatment and suffering for wives and children, which goes against the Jain emphasis on compassion, fairness, and reducing harm.

Key points:

• For householders (ganis, lay followers): monogamy is culturally and traditionally preferred in Jain ethics.
• For ascetics (monks and nuns): celibacy is required; marriage is not allowed.
• The core Jain aim is to live with non-violence, truth, and restraint; polygamy is not framed as a recommended or virtuous practice within this framework.
• Differences between Digambar and Shvetambar traditions exist on many rituals and interpretations, but both uphold fidelity and ethical conduct within family life as part of a righteous household.

If you’d like, I can provide classic Jain passages (arath) or summarize how Digambar and Shvetambar teachers interpret this topic in their scriptures.