Jain dharma teaches that ahimsa (non-violence) is the supreme principle, but its application is nuanced.

• Core idea: Ahimsa is not merely not harming others; it is a positive, all-encompassing way of life that includes truth, compassion, and restraint in thought, speech, and action. Violence to any living being harms the soul and binds karmas, even if performed for a perceived greater good. This is the basic Jain view.

• Independence and non-violence: The Indian freedom movement under Gandhi used non-violence (ahimsa) as a strategy to resist colonial rule. In Jain understanding, non-violence is a powerful spiritual path, but political outcomes are not guaranteed by any single method. History shows that freedom came in 1947, but the path involved many forces, compromises, and human actions beyond any one ethical ideal. The Jain emphasis remains on pursuing justice and compassion without causing violence to living beings.

• Why some feel freedom came with hardship: Even a non-violent struggle can entail social upheaval and suffering. Jain ethics would encourage reflecting on whether methods avoided harming beings (including insects, animals, and even social sentiments) while striving for just outcomes. The aim is to minimize violence in all forms and to cultivate courage, truth, and mercy together.

• Digambar vs. Shwetambar note: Both traditions uphold ahimsa as highest dharma, but there are differences in practices and interpretations within everyday Jain life. The essential aim remains the same: to reduce harm to all souls, and to progress on the path to moksha through ethical conduct.

If you want a deeper Jain exposition on ahimsa and its practical reach in social action, you can read more here