In Jainism, most traditional guidelines focus on ahimsa (non-violence) and minimizing harm to living beings. Because root vegetables involve killing or harming many organisms when pulled from the ground, many Jains avoid them. Here is a simple, common understanding:

• Generally avoided (most strict practice): root vegetables and underground tubers such as potato, onion, garlic, carrot, beetroot, radish, turnip, yam, sweet potato, and similar underground produce. Some also avoid peanuts and edible tubers for similar reasons.
• Usually allowed (non-root vegetables): leafy greens (spinach, fenugreek leaves, amaranth greens), cucumbers, gourds (bottle g gourd, pumpkin, zucchini), tomatoes (though botanically a fruit, many consider it acceptable as a non-root vegetable), beans and legumes (like lentils, chickpeas), and other above-ground vegetables.
• Mushrooms and fungi are typically avoided by many Jains because they are living organisms that are hard to harvest without harm.
• Differences exist between Digambar and Shwetambar communities. Some groups may permit certain vegetables under specific conditions or seasons, while others follow stricter guidelines. For precise practice, people usually follow the guidance of their local Jain guru or temple tradition.

If you’d like, I can tailor this to a specific Jain tradition (Digambar or Shwetambar) or list common daily staples used in Jain households.