Number one shloka in Jainism
In Jainism, the most revered opening prayer is the Navkar Mantra (Namokar Mantra). It is considered the primary, universal salutation to the five supreme beings and is often called the Pancha Namaskāra Mantra.
Original text (common form): णमो अरिहंताणं णमो सिद्धाणं णमो आयरियाणं णमो उवज्झायाणं णमो लोए सव्वसाहूणं Eso pancha namokkaro, savva pavappanasano Mangalanam ca savvesim, padhamam havai mangalam
Meaning (arth) in Jain tradition:
- Namo Arihantanam: I bow to the Arihants (enlightened beings who have conquered inner passions).
- Namo Siddhanam: I bow to the Siddhas (liberated souls).
- Namo Ayariyanam: I bow to the Acharyas (spiritual leaders).
- Namo Ujjhāyāṇam: I bow to the Upadhyayas (spiritual teachers).
- Namo Loe Savva Sāhūṇam: I bow to all Sadhus/Sadhvis (monks and nuns) in the world.
- The closing lines emphasize that this is a universal prayer for auspiciousness and purification.
Notes:
- This mantra does not worship a particular Tirthankara; it honors the five supreme beings and the monastic community as a whole.
- The essential devotional focus is humility, purification of conduct, and progress on the path to liberation.
- Both major Jain traditions (Digambar and Śvetāmbara) recite the Navkar Mantra, and the core meaning remains the same, though spellings and minor phrasing may vary slightly by tradition.