Who are the gods of Jainism
In Jainism, there are several kinds of beings, but there are no creators or all-powerful gods who govern the universe.
- Tirthankaras: The 24 enlightened teachers who have shown the path to liberation. They are humans who have conquered karma and attained kevala jnana (omniscience) and Siddhi. They are not worshipped as creators but revered as supreme teachers and exemplars. The current era honors the 24th Tirthankara, Mahavira, who lived in the current time cycle.
- Arihants and Siddhas: Arihants are beings who have conquered all inner passions and attained right knowledge but are still in the cycle of rebirths; Siddhas are liberated souls who have no further birth. They guide and inspire but are not creators of the cosmos.
- Devas (gods) and other celestial beings: Jain cosmology includes devas who inhabit various heavens. They are living souls like us, subject to karma and rebirth, and they do not create the universe or grant ultimate liberation. They may receive offerings or honor, but their status is not that of supreme rulers or omnipotent creators.
- No supreme creator: Unlike some other traditions, Jainism does not posit a single omnipotent creator god. The universe is beyond creation-by-a-deity and follows its own cosmic laws. Liberation comes through personal effort—right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct.
Differences between Digambara and Śvētāmbara traditions mainly concern details about scriptures and lineages of Tirthankaras, not the basic idea that there is no creator deity and that liberation comes through individual effort.