Pratiharya eight glorious symbols or phenomena
Ashtamaṅgala (Eight Auspicious Symbols) in Jainism
- Śvetāmbarā tradition usually lists: Svastika, Śrīvatsa, Nandhyāvarta, Vardhamānaka, Bhadrasana, Kalāśa, Minyugala (pair of fish), and Darpaṇa (mirror).
- Digambarā tradition has a slightly different set, often showing: Svastika (or Nandyāvarta in some variants), Śrīvatsa, Nandyāvarta, Vardhamānaka, Bhadrasana, Kalāśa, Minyugala, Darpaṇa, with some regional variations naming a few items differently (e.g., may substitute a chhatra or chaṃvar in certain maṇḍalas). The essential spirit remains the same: these eight symbols are auspicious reminders and are used in worship and ritual objects.
What each symbol generally signifies (arth) in Jain tradition
- Svastika: auspicious mark symbolizing spiritual progress and the balance of realms of being.
- Śrīvatsa: a mark on the chest of the Jina, symbolizing beauty and auspiciousness.
- Nandhyāvarta: a complex swastika with nine corners, representing wealth, merit, and prosperity.
- Vardhamānaka: a shallow dish/pot symbolizing increasing wealth, fame, and merit.
- Bhadrasana (Sinhasana): a throne, sanctified by the Tirthankara’s feet; auspicious authority and honor.
- Kalāśa: a full water vessel, symbolizing fullness, wisdom, and auspiciousness.
- Minyugala (pair of fish): sign of abundance and often linked to auspicious worship; also interpreted as progress and fearlessness.
- Darpaṇa: mirror, signifying self-knowledge, purity, and seeing one’s true self.
Notes
- Both Śvetāmbarā and Digambarā traditions honor these eight, though exact names or order can vary by region. The core idea is to inspire purity, reverence, and guidance on the path to liberation. You can see this described in reputable Jain sources that treat Ashtamaṅgala as the standard eight auspicious symbols across traditions. ( britannica.com)