outline: - the list of the 24 Tirthankaras in Avsarpiṇī (and where Mahavira fits in), - a simple, year-by-year sketch of the four broad phases or ages within Avsarpiṇī (in very concise terms),
- 24 Tirthankaras in the present Avsarpini (current descending half-cycle), with Mahavira as the 24th Tirthankara
1) Rishabhanatha (Adinath)
2) Ajitnath
3) Sambhavanath
4) Abhinandanath
5) Sumatinath
6) Padmaprabha
7) Suparshvanath
8) Chandraprabha
9) Pushpadanta (Suvidhinath)
10) Shitalnath
11) Shreyanshnath
12) Vasupujya
13) Vimalnath
14) Anantanath
15) Dharmanath
16) Shantinath
17) Kunthunath
18) Aranath
19) Mallinath
20) Munisuvratnath
21) Naminath
22) Neminath
23) Parshwanath
24) Mahavir (Vardhamana) – the last Tirthankara of the present Avsarpini. In this era, Mahavir is the culmination of the 24 Tirthankaras who appear in the third and fourth aras of Avsarpini. (
jainknowledge.com)
- Mahavira’s place in the cycle
- Mahavira is the 24th Tirthankar of the current Avsarpini (present half-cycle). He is considered the most recent Tirthankar, and his nirvana marks the end of this Avsarpini’s set of 24 Tirthankaras. In the next half-cycle (utsarpini) a new set of 24 Tirthankaras would arise. (
jainknowledge.com)
- Four broad phases (Are) within Avsarpini (concise terms)
- Avsarpini is traditionally described as a descending half-cycle divided into six phases (aras). For a compact frame, many summaries group its character into broader mood-progressions across time. The six-aras are:
- suṣamā-suṣamā: utmost happiness
- suṣamā: happiness
- suṣamā-duḥṣamā: more happiness than sorrow
- duḥṣamā-suṣamā: more sorrow than happiness
- duḥṣamā: sorrow
- duḥṣamā-duḥṣamā: utmost sorrow
In this current Avsarpini, the third and fourth aras are when the 24 Tirthankaras are born and Dharma flourishes; the fifth and sixth aras reflect increasing decline. This framework is widely cited in Jain cosmology. Mahavira’s life is placed toward the end of the fourth ara in the current cycle, with ongoing decline through the fifth ara. (
arihantainstitute.org)
- Quick note on tradition differences
- The overall structure (two half-cycles, each with 24 Tirthankaras) is shared, but the names and exact phase labels can vary subtly between Digambara and Śvetāmbara texts. The broad idea — a descending Avsarpini with 24 Tirthankaras culminating in Mahavira — remains consistent across major Jain sources. (
jainknowledge.com)
- You can read a concise listing of the 24 Tirthankaras and Mahavira’s placement