Jain Dharma ki origin

• Jains kahte hain ki dharma anadi (eternal) hai—na kisi ne banaya, na kisi ne phelaya. Ye puri kalchakra me sada se tha aur sada rahega.
• Is dharma ki pehchan 24 Tirthankaron ki parampara se hoti है. Inhi ford-makers ke through manavta ko sahi marg dikhaya jata hai.
• Pehle Tirthankara: Rishabhana tha (Adinath) mana jata hai ki wo pehle Tirthankar the is present half-cycle me. Phir aate hain anya 23 Tirthankara.
• Aakhri Tirthankar: Mahavira (Vardhamana Mahavira) is current time-cycle ke 24th Tirthankar manaye jaate hain. Unka nirvana (moksha) ke baad bhi dharma ko jivita banaye rakhne ki prath sayanata aayi.
• Aakhiri do Tirthankaron ki historical ya samayik sthiti par dharmic itihaas me thodi bhinnata banti hai:

- Śvetāmbara parampara me Kalpa Sutra aur Jñātādharmakathā jaise granthon me tirthankaron ki jivaniyan varnit hain. - Digambar parampara me bhi 24 Tirthankaron ki shravya parampara mani jati hai, lekin kuch tithankaron ki vivaran (jaise Mallinath) ki maanata alag hoti hai.

• Mahavira ki tareekh aam taur par 6th century BCE ke aas-paas maani jaati hai; Parshvanath ki pehli sthaapna zyada purani maani jaati hai. In dono ke jeevan par dharmik granthon me vistaar se charcha milti hai.
• Dharam ke mool niyam: ahimsa (anant hinsa se door rahna), anekantavad (anekta ki manyata), aparigraha (arthik-aatmaik niyantran), satya, brahmacharya jaise mulya aaj bhi prachaar mein hain.

Digambar vs Śvetāmbara ke beech khaas baatein

• Dono shakhon me 24 Tirthankaron ki manyata hai, lekin jivaniyon ki vivaran, kalpa-sutra ki upalabdhi aur kuch tirthankaron ki vaakya-drishti me thodi bhinnata hoti hai.
• Dharmik anushasn aur granthon ki upalabdhata me farq ho sakta hai, par dharma ki kendriya laik (ahimsa, anekantavada, aparigraha) dono me milta hai.

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