Ahimsa (non-violence) is the foundation of Jain Dharma. Here’s why it is central and how it relates to a society that needs defense:

• Core principle: In Jainism, all living beings have a soul and the right to live. Any harm to life creates karmic debt (karma) for the doer, which hinders spiritual progress and eventual liberation (moksha). Therefore, non-violence is not just ethics but a practical path toward purifying the soul.

• Thought, speech, and action: Jain ethics teaches that violence is not limited to physical harm. Harm can occur through cruel thoughts, harsh words, or careless deeds. The goal is to minimize any harm in all three spheres.

• Liberation through restraint: By cultivating ahimsa, a practitioner reduces karmic bondage. The idea is to gradually erase the habits that lead to violence, so the soul can rise toward spiritual freedom.

• Defense and proportionality: Jainism recognizes the need for protection, but it emphasizes minimal harm and restraint. In ordinary life, people may defend themselves and others, but the emphasis remains on avoiding violence as much as possible and using the least-harmful means available. Monks and nuns, who vow complete non-violence, typically refrain from armed defense, while laypeople are encouraged to protect life with care and prudence.

• Different traditions and contexts: There are differences between Digambar and Śvetambar interpretations on certain details, but both uphold ahimsa as the highest value. In practical matters, the emphasis is on non-violence guiding even defensive choices, with a mindset of minimizing harm.

• Other Jain virtues that support non-violence: Truth (satya), non-possessiveness (aparigraha), and restraint (yamas and niyamas) work together to cultivate a life where violence is avoided as far as possible and compassion is extended to all beings.

If you’d like, I can share concise Ja in sutras or stotras that articulate ahimsa and its importance, or point you to a Jain Knowledge page for deeper study.