Adinath Bhagwan (Rishabhanatha), the first Tirthankara, is traditionally said to have taught 72 kalās (arts/skills) to men and 64 kalās to women.
Yes, this is a well‑known Jain tradition about Adinath Bhagwan (Rishabhdev).
Here is a simple, authentic explanation:
- What the tradition says
- Rishabhanath Bhagwan, the 1st Tirthankar, is described as the “Adinath” – the first Lord/teacher of this avasarpini (descending time‑cycle). - When he became king and organized society, he is said to have: - Taught 72 kalā (arts/skills) to men, and - Taught 64 kalā to women. - Because of this, Jain tradition also calls him the “Father of Human Civilization” – he didn’t just give spiritual guidance, but also social–practical skills.
- What kinds of kalā are included?
The exact item‑by‑item lists differ somewhat in Digambar and Shwetambar sources, but the main idea is the same: Rishabhdev established all the main skills needed for civilized human life, such as:
- Six broad foundations (often mentioned together): 1. Asi – use of weapons / protection 2. Masi – writing, scripts 3. Krishi – agriculture, farming 4. Vidya – general education and knowledge 5. Vanijya – trade and commerce 6. Silpa – various crafts, architecture, sculpture, arts
- From these, many detailed arts and crafts are counted to reach “72” for men and “64” for women: things like music, dance, painting, decoration, garment‑making, ornament‑making, household skills, counting and measuring, etc.
- Role of Brahmi and Sundari
- His daughter Brahmi: associated with script and language (Brahmi lipi). - His daughter Sundari: associated with ganit / mathematics. - This shows that from the very beginning, both knowledge and numeracy were considered important parts of these kalā.
- Digambar–Shwetambar note
- Both traditions agree on: - Rishabhdev as the first Tirthankar. - Him establishing civilization and teaching 72 kalā to men and 64 kalā to women. - They differ somewhat in: - The exact naming and ordering of individual kalā. - Some minor narrative details. - There is no single absolutely uniform list accepted by all sub‑traditions; instead, there is a shared core idea with slightly different enumerations.
- Spiritual meaning
- These kalā are not for mere luxury or pride. - Jain acharyas explain that: - In the very early stages of the world, people were helpless and primitive. - Rishabhdev organized society and gave skills so that humans could live orderly, ethical, and self‑supporting lives. - On top of this base, he ultimately taught dharma – right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct – leading to vairagya and moksha.
So your statement about 72 kalās for men and 64 kalās for women is in line with standard Jain tradition about Adinath Bhagwan.
You can read a concise explanation on JainKnowledge here and also see how it is mentioned in the description of Ayodhya tirth, the birthplace of Rishabhdev .