Panchindya
In Jainism, "Panchindya" (also spelled as Panchendriya or Panchendiya) refers to the five senses (indriyas) possessed by living beings. These five senses are:
- Touch (Sparshendriya)
- Taste (Rasanendriya)
- Smell (Ghranendriya)
- Sight (Chakshurindriya)
- Hearing (Shravanendriya)
Jain philosophy categorizes living beings (jivas) based on the number of senses they possess, starting from one-sensed beings (such as plants, which have only the sense of touch) to five-sensed beings (such as humans and higher animals, which have all five senses).
This classification is significant in Jain ethics, especially concerning the principle of ahimsa (non-violence), as harming beings with more senses is considered a more serious form of violence than harming those with fewer senses. Therefore, Jain laypeople and ascetics strive to minimize harm to all living beings, with special care to avoid injury to higher-sensed beings.