Here is a simple explanation, broken into parts.

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1. What is Samovasaran?

In Jain Dharma, Samovasaran (Samavasarana) is the special divine assembly where a Tirthankar Bhagwan gives deshna (sermon) after attaining Keval‑jnan.

• It is circular or sometimes square.
• Bhagwan sits under an Ashok tree in the centre, in pure vitarag state.
• Around Him, in proper order, sit:

- Dev–Devi (heavenly beings) - Sadhus, Sadhvis - Shravaks, Shravikas - Animals, birds etc.

• All can understand the deshna in their own language.

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2. What is a Samovasaran Chhatri?

In many Jain temples, a “Samovasaran chhatri” is a small shrine / pavilion / canopy‑type structure made as a symbolic model of the Samovasaran.

• Often built on the temple terrace, side, or near the main mandir.
• Inside it, there are many small pratimas (idols) of:

- Tirthankar in the centre, and - Surrounding figures showing the circular Samovasaran arrangement.

• It is meant for darshan and smaran of the vitarag deshna of Tirthankar.

People do pradakshina, vandan, and bhakti around this chhatri, remembering: > “One day I also want to reach such pure vitarag avastha.”

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3. Meaning of “Atth – Das – Doy Pratims” (आठ – दस – दोय प्रतिम)

From the wording, it looks like:

• Atth = 8
• Das = 10
• Doy / Dui / Do = 2

So “aath – das – doy pratims” is very likely talking about a group of pratimas counted in sets of 8, 10, and 2 (8 + 10 + 2 etc.), used in the architectural / ritual description of a Samovasaran chhatri or related shrine (for example, 8 idols in one direction, 10 in another, 2 special central idols, etc.).

However:

• The exact traditional technical meaning of this particular phrase (exact layout, which idols are 8, which 10, which 2) depends on the specific pratishtha‑lekh or shilp‑vidhi being followed.
• These detailed temple‑architecture formulas can differ by gacch / sangh / tradition.

So I can safely say:

• It refers to numbering / grouping of idols (pratimas) used in a Samovasaran‑related chhatri or shrine.
• But I should not fix a precise layout (for example, “exactly these 8 are this, these 10 are that…”) without that specific text in front of me. That would risk inaccuracy.

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4. Shwetambar / Digambar view

• Concept of Samovasaran – accepted in both Digambar and Shwetambar traditions:

Tirthankar gives deshna in Samovasaran after Keval‑jnan.

• Form of chhatri / miniature Samovasaran models:

- Style, number of pratimas, and exact layout can differ, - But all are symbolic upasana of the same vitarag Tirthankar.

There is no doctrinal conflict in the basic idea; only iconographic and architectural variations.

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5. For simple further reading

A basic explanation of Samovasaran is also available here on JainKnowledge: You can read more here

(That page is about the number of Samovasarans, but it briefly explains the concept too.)

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If you have the exact line (e.g., from a pratishtha‑lekh or some granth) where “samovasaran chhatri atth das doy pratims” occurs, you can share the full line, and I can help you understand it word‑by‑word without changing its Jain meaning.