What is one day fasting, one day one meal a day when done for 30 days called
This type of tapa is generally known as Vardhman Tap.
Pattern:
- Day 1: Upvas (full fast)
- Day 2: Ekasana (one meal in a day)
- Same cycle repeated for 30 days (or 13/21/27/41 days, etc., depending on the vow).
Because it is alternate upvas and ekasana for a fixed period, it comes under the family of Vardhman Tap / Vardhaman Vrat. Exact rules (water, type of food on ekasana days, etc.) can vary by guru, sangh, and Digambar–Shwetambar traditions, but the basic name people use for such a pattern is Vardhman Tap.