Short answer: • In 1st guṇasthān only Ayathāpravṛtti‑karaṇa occurs. • Apūrva‑karaṇa and Anivṛtti‑karaṇa do not occur in 1st guṇasthān at all. • An abhavya jīva can have Ayathāpravṛtti‑karaṇa, but can never reach nor do Apūrva‑karaṇa or Anivṛtti‑karaṇa.

Now in a bit more detail, very simply:

1. Ayathāpravṛtti‑karaṇa in 1st guṇasthān

• 1st guṇasthān = Mithyādṛṣṭi guṇasthān (state of wrong belief).
• Here the soul’s activity is called Ayathāpravṛtti‑karaṇa =

“wrong / mis‑directed inner activity” – thoughts, decisions and efforts going in the direction of delusion and bondage.

• This applies to all souls in 1st guṇasthān – both bhavya (capable of mokṣa) and abhavya (incapable of mokṣa).

So yes, an abhavya can and does have Ayathāpravṛtti‑karaṇa in 1st guṇasthān.

2. Where Apūrva‑karaṇa and Anivṛtti‑karaṇa really come

In the standard 14‑guṇasthān ladder (both Digambar and Śvetāmbara agree on this point):

• 8th guṇasthān = Apūrva‑karaṇa – a completely new, very pure, unprecedented spiritual effort (high level śukla‑dhyān, intense destruction of karmas).
• 9th guṇasthān = Anivṛtti‑karaṇa – still higher, “no‑return” stage; purity is so high that there is no fall back to lower levels of delusion.

These stages:

• Need samyaktva (right faith) already firmly established.
• Require full monk‑level conduct (sarva‑virati) and extremely subtle kṣaya/kṣayopaśama of mohanīya karma.

So:

• They do not occur in 1st guṇasthān at all.
• They occur only much later, after right belief and high ascetic conduct are attained.

3. Can an abhavya ever do Apūrva‑karaṇa or Anivṛtti‑karaṇa?

By definition:

• Bhavya jīva = ultimately capable of mokṣa; will at some time attain samyaktva and progress upwards through higher guṇasthāns.
• Abhavya jīva = never attains samyaktva and never goes to the truly liberating higher stages.

Because:

• Apūrva‑karaṇa (8th) and Anivṛtti‑karaṇa (9th) presuppose right faith and very high purity,
• and an abhavya can never get such right faith and such levels of purification,

therefore:

> An abhavya can never attain, nor perform, Apūrva‑karaṇa or Anivṛtti‑karaṇa. > These two are only for bhavya souls who are actually on the path to mokṣa.

4. Tradition note (Digambar / Śvetāmbara)

• Both traditions accept that:

- 8th guṇasthān = Apūrva‑karaṇa, - 9th guṇasthān = Anivṛtti‑karaṇa, - and that these are very high monk‑only stages, unreachable for abhavya souls.

• Only minor differences are in naming/description of some intermediate gunasthāns, not in this core point.

For an easy overview of the 14 guṇasthāns you can see this explanation on JainKnowledge