Samvatsari ka arth samajhne ke liye 3 baatein yaad rakho: (1) iska shabdik matlab, (2) iska dharmic mahatva, (3) is din ki vyavaharik reet.

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1. “Samvatsari” shabd ka arth

• “Samvatsar” = varsh (saal)
• “Samvatsari” = jo har varsh ek baar aati hai, varshik din

Isliye ise varshik kshama–divas ya annual forgiveness day bhi kaha jaata hai.

Shwetambar parampara mein:

• Ye Paryushan Parv ka aakhiri aur sabse pavitra din hota hai.
• Saal bhar ki bhool–chook ka varshik hisaab–kitab, pachchhaatāpa aur kshamā ka din.

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2. Dharmik mahatva (aatmik drashti se)

Samvatsari ka kendriya vishay hai kshamā (forgiveness) aur ālocanā–pratikraman (apni galti svikar karke pachhtāna).

(a) Kshamā – Micchami Dukkadam

Is din Jains sabse zyada is vaakya ka upyog karte hain:

> “Micchāmi Dukkaḍaṃ” > arth: “Mere dwārā jo bhi galat hua ho – jaanbujhkar ya anjaane mein, vichār, vachan ya kaaya se – vah sab mithyā (fal–rahit) ho jaye, uska phal na lage.”

Iska tatparya:

• Main sab se maafi maangta/maangti hoon
• Aur apne mann se sabko maaf karta/karti hoon

Isse raag–dvesh, gussa, dushmani, ahankār ko chhodne ki abhyās hoti hai.

(b) Karm ki shuddhi

Jain darshan ke anusaar:

• Har himsa, jhooth, chori, kaam, lobh, gussa, ahankār se paap ki karm bandh hoti hai.
• Samvatsari par gambhir pratikraman karke hum:

- apni galtiyon ko yaad karte hain, - unko maan kar, - un par pachhtāva karte hain, - aur phir na karne ka sankalp lete hain.

Ye aatma–shuddhi ka din hai – jaise kapde dhoi jaate hain, waise saal bhar ki bhool–chook ko dhone ka prayas.

(c) Samta aur Maitri

Kshamā se:

• Hruday mein samta (samaan drashti),
• sab jeevon ke prati maitri bhāv paida hota hai.

Isliye ise dayā divas, ahimsā divas bhi kaha jaata hai.

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3. Vyavaharik roop se Samvatsari par kya hota hai?

Shwetambar parampara mein aam taur par:

1. Samvatsari Pratikraman

- Ye saal ka sabse mahatvapurn pratikraman hota hai. - Din bhar ya lambi baithe mein paap–anushthan, alochana, pratikraman, pratyākhyān hota hai. - Jain lay–log bhi is pratikraman mein jamkar bhaag lete hain.

1. Upvaas aur tapasya

- Bahut log poora din nirjal ya ekāsan/ayambil karte hain. - Kuch log Paryushan ke 8 din ya usse zyada ka lagataar upvaas bhi rakhte hain – Samvatsari unka samāpti–din hota hai.

1. Kshamā–yāchanā (maafi maangna)

- Mandir ya upāshraya mein pratikraman ke baad, - Ghar par, rishtedāron, doston, parichit logon ko milkar ya sandesh se kehte hain: “Micchami Dukkadam” / “Khamat Khamna” / “Uttam Kshamā”. - Matlab: “Jo bhi tumse galat hua ho, kripya mujhe maaf kar dena.”

1. Vivād samāpan

- Niyam se mana hai ki koi jhagda, dushmani, vakra–bhaav Samvatsari ke baad na rakha jaye. - Is din purane gile–shikwe chhodne ka sankalp liya jaata hai.

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4. Shwetambar – Digambar drashti

• Shwetambar:

- Paryushan ka aakhiri din = Samvatsari - Isi din vishesh Samvatsari Pratikraman hota hai.

• Digambar:

- Unka bada parv Dashalakshan Parva ke aakhir mein Kshamāvaṇi Diwas manaaya jaata hai. - Vah bhi kshamā aur pratikraman ka din hai. - Dono ka aantarik tatparya ek hi hai – sarv–jeev se kshamā maangna aur sabko kshamā dena; keval naam aur tithi mein antar hai.

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5. Samvatsari ka sār (seedhi, saral bhāsha mein)

Samvatsari matlab:

• Saal bhar jo bhi galat socha, bola, kiya,
• janwaron, manuṣyon, kisi bhi jeev ko dukh diya ho,
• apne hit mein kisi ka ahit kiya ho –

to is ek pavitra din par:

1. Bhagwan ke samne maan–man mein svikar karo – “Haan, mujhse galtiyan hui hain.”
2. Dil se pachhtāo – unhe dobara na dohrane ka sankalp lo.
3. Sabko maaf karo – chahe dusre maaf maange ya na maange.
4. Sab se maafī maango – kam se kam apne parivaar, rishtedaar, parichit logon se to zarur.

Isse:

• andar ka gussa, dvesh, jalan, ahankār halka padta hai,
• mann mein shanti, halkaapan, komalta aati hai,
• aur aatma par jo paap karm ki mail chipki hai, usko kam karne ka sādhan milta hai.

Yahi Samvatsari ka vastavik arth hai – “Kshamā se atma ko halka karna aur nayi, pavitra shuruaat karna.”

Samvatsari ke vishay mein adhik padhna chaho to yahan dekh sakte ho