Shwetambar which gacch
In Jainism, specifically within the Śvetāmbara (Shwetambar) tradition, the term "gaccha" refers to a monastic sub-sect or order. Over the centuries, several prominent gacchas have developed, each with its own lineage, practices, and leadership. The major Śvetāmbara gacchas include:
- Kharatara Gaccha: Founded in the 11th century by Acharya Jineshwar Suri, the Kharatara Gaccha emphasizes strict adherence to scriptures and monastic discipline.
- Tapa Gaccha: Established in the 13th century by Acharya Jagatchandra Suri, this is currently the largest Śvetāmbara monastic order. The Tapa Gaccha is known for its scholarship and reform movements.
- Tristutik Gaccha: This is an older and now smaller group within the Śvetāmbara tradition.
- Anchala Gaccha: Another smaller and less prominent gaccha.
In addition to these, there are other minor gacchas and branches, but Tapa Gaccha and Kharatara Gaccha are the most influential among Śvetāmbara Jains today.
Śvetāmbara Murtipujak monks and nuns (those who worship images) usually belong to one of these gacchas. There are also Śvetāmbara Sthānakavāsī and Terāpanthī sects, but they are considered separate traditions within Śvetāmbara Jainism and do not follow the "gaccha" system in the same way as Murtipujaks do.