In Jainism, kashayas (passions) such as anger (krodha), pride (mana), deceit (maya), and greed (lobha) are considered the root causes of unhappiness and bondage. These passions lead to the accumulation of karma, which results in suffering and continued cycles of birth and death (samsara). Overcoming these passions through self-restraint, right conduct, and spiritual practice is essential for achieving true happiness and liberation (moksha).