which are the kalyanak bhoomi's in Uttar Pradesh
In Jain tradition, Uttar Pradesh is considered a very pavitra Jin‑kalyāṇak bhūmi. Different granths give slightly different count, but broadly:
- Overall, Digambar tirth–nirdeshikās count about 17 kalyāṇak kṣetra in U.P. ( tirthnirdeshika.com)
Below are the main / well‑known kalyāṇak bhūmis in Uttar Pradesh:
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1. Ayodhyā (Ayodhya)
Very important for both Digambar and Shvetāmbara:
- Janma‑kalyāṇak bhūmi of:
- Ayodhya is described as a place where many (18–19) kalyāṇaks of different Tirthankars took place. ( ayodhya.nic.in)
More on Ayodhyā Tirth: You can read more here
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2. Kāśī / Vārāṇasī (Kashi / Varanasi)
- Janma‑kalyāṇak bhūmi of:
Main Jain kalyāṇak sthals around Kashi:
- Bhelupur (Varanasi) – place of four kalyāṇaks of Pārshvanāth (Chyavan, Janma, Dikshā, Keval‑jñān) according to many traditions. ( in.worldorgs.com)
- Bhadaini / Jain Ghat – connected specially with Suparshvanāth Bhagwān (kalyāṇak sthān). ( yappe.in)
- Chandrawati – commemorates three kalyāṇaks of Chandraprabhu Swāmī. ( en.wikipedia.org)
- Singhpuri / Sarnath area (Varanasi) – related to Shreyansnāth Bhagwān – 4 kalyāṇaks (Chyavan, Janm, Dikshā, Keval‑jñān). ( en.wikipedia.org)
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3. Kaushāmbī
- Kaushāmbī Jain Tirth is revered as the Chyavan, Janma, Dikshā and Moksha kalyāṇak bhūmi of Padmaprabhu Swāmī (6th Tirthankar) in many Shvetāmbara and Digambar traditions. ( jaintirth.in)
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4. Singhpur / Sārnāth (near Vārāṇasī)
Sometimes listed separately from “Varanasi city”:
- Singhpuri / Sarnath Jain Tirth – four kalyāṇaks of Shreyansnāth Bhagwān:
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5. Ahichchhatra (Bareilly district)
- Important Digambar Kalyāṇak Kshetra.
- Temples here are built to commemorate Parshvanāth Bhagwān attaining Keval‑jñān kalyāṇak at this place. ( en.wikipedia.org)
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6. Hastināpur (Meerut district)
- A very major Jain tirth; many granths connect it with:
- Though nirvāṇa of these Tirthankars is at Sammed Shikhar, Hastināpur is still counted among important Jin‑kalyāṇak sthals and is included in tirth‑mālās for U.P.
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7. Other important Jin‑kalyāṇak kṣetras in U.P.
Different Digambar / Shvetāmbara tirth‑lists also include, for various kalyāṇaks (mainly Janma, Dikshā or Keval‑jñān):
- Shrāvastī (Shravasti)
- Kampilpur (Kampilji)
- Ratnapur / Ratnapuri (near Ayodhya)
- Mathurā – Kankāli Ṭilā area, old Jain sthals ( en.wikipedia.org)
Exact mapping (which Tirthankar – which specific kalyāṇak) differs a little between old Digambar and Shvetāmbara granths, and the full list is quite long (around 67 Jin‑kalyāṇak tirths said to lie in U.P. as per some modern summaries). ( rajsaubhag.org)
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Summary (simple):
- Uttar Pradesh is called a Jin‑kalyāṇak bhūmi because many Tirthankars’ main life‑events (especially birth – janma kalyāṇak) happened here.
- The most important kalyāṇak places you should remember are:
If you want a detailed, tirth‑by‑tirth list (with all 67+ spots), it is usually taken from traditional tirth‑mālā books used in Jain libraries and yatras; your local Jain pustak‑bhandār will have them.