Das yati dharma
“Das Yati Dharma” means the ten (das) virtues/duties (dharma) of a yati (sadhu/ascetic). These are also called “Yati–dharma” or “Yati ke das dharma” and are respected in both Śvetāmbara and Digambara traditions.
The ten are:
- Kṣamā – Forgiveness
- Not keeping anger or revenge in the heart; forgiving all beings.
- Mārdava – Humility
- No pride about knowledge, wealth, position, or tapas; gentle and soft nature.
- Ārjava – Straightforwardness
- No deceit or crookedness; same from inside and outside.
- Śaucha – Purity / Absence of greed
- Inner purity of thoughts, and contentment instead of greed for more.
- Satya – Truthfulness
- Speaking what is true, beneficial, and non‑hurtful.
- Saṃyam – Self‑control
- Controlling mind, speech, and body; restraint of senses and passions.
- Tapa – Austerity
- Fasting, simple living, bearing hardships calmly to burn karmas.
- Tyāga – Renunciation
- Giving up attachments and possessions, sharing and donating.
- Akiñcanyatā – Non‑possessiveness / Detachment
- Feeling of “nothing is mine”; no inner ownership, even of body and relations.
- Brahmacarya – Celibacy / Complete control over sensuality
- Total control over sexual instincts; pure thoughts and conduct.
For monks these are essential daily qualities, but every Shravak and Shravika is encouraged to practice them according to their capacity to move towards purity and moksha.