No, even in that situation it is extremely unlikely that “all Jains” would stop believing in things like soul, karma, rebirth, etc.

A few key points from a Jain Dharmic view:

1. Science and Jainism have different scopes

- Science mainly studies what can be measured by senses and instruments. - Jain philosophy (Darshan) also talks about things beyond direct measurement: soul (jīva), karma, liberation (mokṣa), etc. - So if something is not yet proven by current science, Jainism does not automatically call it false. It just says: it is known by other valid means of knowledge (pramāṇa) like āgama (scripture), logic, and inner experience of siddha/kevalī.

1. “Unscientific” and “not yet scientifically proven” are not the same

- Many things were once “unscientific” until tools and methods advanced (e.g., microorganisms before microscopes). - Jain texts clearly say human senses are limited and truth has many aspects (anekāntavāda). So current science may show one angle of reality, not all.

1. Belief in soul and rebirth is central, not optional

- In Jain Dharma, core truths are: - There is soul (jīva), different from body. - Karma binds to soul and gives results. - Birth–death–rebirth (saṃsāra) continues until karma is destroyed. - If someone fully rejects these, they are simply not following Jain Dharma in its real sense, even if they keep the name “Jain” socially.

1. What if great debaters “win” using science?

- Public debates are about rhetoric, language, what audience understands, and what “rules of evidence” are chosen. - Even if some people are impressed and leave faith, others: - Trust the spiritual authority of Tīrthaṅkars and Ācāryas. - Have personal experiences (like deep samādhi, pratikramaṇ–based transformation) that are more convincing to them than a stage debate. - Jain history already shows many strong debates with Buddhists, Cārvāk (materialists), etc. Dharma did not disappear because of them.

1. Jain approach: respect science, but not limited by it

- Many Jains respect science, education, logic, and still firmly accept soul, karma, and rebirth. - The attitude is usually: - Use science for worldly understanding. - Use Jain Darshan for ultimate spiritual truth. - Where science and Jainism touch (e.g., non‑violence, vegetarianism, environmental care), many see harmony, not conflict.

So even if atheists “win a debate” against some Jain leaders using current scientific standards, Jain Dharma’s core beliefs would not vanish. Some individuals may change beliefs, but many Jains would still follow soul, karma, and rebirth as eternal truths taught by the Tīrthaṅkars, whether or not present‑day science can fully test them.