In Jain Dharma, nirjarā means the shedding of karma from the soul. It is one of the most important goals of spiritual practice.

Main ways to do nirjarā

1. Tapas (Austerity)

This is the principal means of nirjarā.

External tapas:

• Upavāsa – fasting
• Unodari – eating less than hunger
• Vrittisankṣep – limiting food and desires
• Rasa parityāga – giving up tasty foods
• Kāyakleśa – tolerating bodily hardship for spiritual growth
• Sanjam – disciplined conduct

Internal tapas:

• Prāyaścitta – repentance
• Vinaya – humility
• Vaiyāvṛtya – सेवा of monks, nuns, and the sick
• Swādhyāya – scriptural study
• Dhyāna – meditation
• Kāyotsarga – detachment from the body

2. Right conduct

• Observing ahimsā, satya, asteya, brahmacharya, and aparigraha
• Avoiding anger, pride, deceit, and greed
• Living with restraint and awareness

3. Pratikraman

• Reviewing one’s actions
• Repenting for faults
• Asking forgiveness
• Resolving not to repeat the mistake

4. Samyama and vigilance

• Carefulness in walking, speaking, eating, and handling things
• Minimizing harm to all जीवs
• Practicing constant awareness

5. Meditation and equanimity

• Staying calm in pain and pleasure
• Not reacting with attachment or aversion
• Remaining detached from worldly outcomes

Two types of nirjarā

Jainism explains nirjarā in two ways:

• Sāmayika nirjarā – karma is shed naturally by experiencing its fruit
• Vishesh nirjarā – karma is shed through tapas and spiritual discipline

In simple words

To do nirjarā, one should:

• reduce desires,
• fast or observe austerities,
• repent for mistakes,
• study scripture,
• meditate,
• live with self-control,
• and remain detached.

If you want, I can also give this in simple Gujarati or Hindi.