Jainism and Buddhism are both ancient Indian traditions, but they differ in important ways:

1. Concept of Soul

• Jainism: Accepts an eternal jiva (soul) in every living being.
• Buddhism: Does not accept a permanent soul; it teaches anatta (no fixed self).

2. Karma

• Jainism: Karma is treated as a real subtle material substance that binds the soul.
• Buddhism: Karma is mainly understood as intentional action and its results.

3. Liberation

• Jainism: Moksha is achieved by removing all karmic bondage from the soul.
• Buddhism: Nirvana is the end of suffering, ignorance, and craving.

4. Path to Liberation

• Jainism: Emphasizes three jewels:

- Right Faith - Right Knowledge - Right Conduct

• Buddhism: Emphasizes the Eightfold Path.

5. Ahimsa

• Jainism: Ahimsa is the highest and most central vow.
• Buddhism: Ahimsa is important, but the tradition is generally less strict in practice than Jainism.

6. Ascetic Practice

• Jainism: Very strict fasting, penance, and non-possession, especially in monk life.
• Buddhism: Middle Path is emphasized more than extreme austerity.

7. God and Creator

• Jainism: Does not accept a creator God as the maker of the universe.
• Buddhism: Also does not depend on a creator God.

8. Universe

• Jainism: The universe is beginningless and endless.
• Buddhism: Focuses more on suffering and liberation than on a fixed cosmology.

Short Summary

• Jainism focuses on soul, karma bondage, strict non-violence, and self-purification.
• Buddhism focuses on suffering, impermanence, no-self, and the Middle Path.

If you want, I can also give this in a simple table format.