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  • Praman gnan subtypes
  • author Posted by
    Jain Follower

    Praman gnan subtypes

    3 months ago 50

    Pramāṇa Jñāna in Jain philosophy means valid or right knowledge.

    Its main subtypes are:

    1. Pratyaksha Pramāṇa – direct knowledge

    - Knowledge gained directly by the soul. - Includes: - Mati jñāna – sensory and mental knowledge - Shrut jñāna – scriptural knowledge - Avadhi jñāna – clairvoyant knowledge - Manahparyava jñāna – telepathic knowledge - Keval jñāna – absolute knowledge - In some Jain traditions, only Keval jñāna is called true direct pramāṇa in the highest sense, while others classify more broadly.

    1. Paroksha Pramāṇa – indirect knowledge

    - Knowledge gained through means like words, signs, inference, memory, comparison, etc. - Common subtypes include: - Smriti – memory - Pratyabhijñā – recognition - Tarka – reasoning - Anumāna – inference - Āgama / Shruta – scriptural testimony in some classifications

    Short form

    • Pratyaksha = direct
    • Paroksha = indirect

    If you want, I can also give the full Jain classification of jñāna in a neat chart.

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