yes please the names of the 32 Aagams - their meaning and विषय - grouping/classification - Digambar and Shwetambar differences - simple explanations of each Aagam
Yes — here is a simple, clear Jain explanation.
Important note first
The phrase “32 Aagams” is used in some Śvetāmbara study traditions, but the exact counting can vary by school and text-recension. So, instead of forcing one rigid list, I’m giving you the commonly taught core Aagams in a 32-text framework.---
1) Main grouping / classification of the Aagams
In Śvetāmbara tradition, Aagamic texts are broadly grouped as:
- Ang Aagams – 11
- Upang Aagams – 12
- Moolsutras – 4
- Chedsutras – 5 in this 32-count framework
That gives 32.
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2) The 32 Aagams — names, meaning, and simple विषय
A. 11 Ang Aagams
These are the main limb-texts of the canon.
- Ācārāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of conduct - Subject: Jain discipline, monk-life, अहिंसा, self-control
- Sūtrakṛtāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of doctrines / principles - Subject: Jain philosophy, criticism of wrong views, right belief
- Sthānāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of categories / places - Subject: Subjects arranged in numerical order, Jain classifications
- Samavāyāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of collective enumerations - Subject: Larger numerical groupings, Jain cosmology and classifications
- Vyākhyāprajñapti / Bhagavatī Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of explanations and questions - Subject: Very large text on philosophy, जीव, कर्म, cosmology, debate
- Jñātādharmakathāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of known religious stories - Subject: Parables, moral stories, examples of dharma
- Upāsakadashāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Ten chapters on lay followers - Subject: Conduct of श्रावक, household ethics, lay vows
- Antakṛddaśāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Ten chapters on those who ended bondage - Subject: Souls who attained liberation through practice
- Anuttaropapātikadaśāṅga Sūtra
- Meaning: Ten chapters on supreme heavenly rebirth - Subject: Souls reborn in the highest heavenly worlds
- Praśnavyākaraṇa Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of questions and answers - Subject: Ethical answers, sin, merit, conduct
- Vipākaśruta Sūtra
- Meaning: Text on results / karmic fruition - Subject: How karmas produce pleasant or painful results
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B. 12 Upāṅga Aagams
These are the subsidiary texts of the Ang Aagams.
- Aupapātika Sūtra
- Meaning: Text on spontaneous birth - Subject: Heavenly and hellish birth, spiritual states
- Rājapraśnīya Sūtra
- Meaning: Questions of the king - Subject: Dialogues on soul, karma, spirituality
- Jīvābhigama Sūtra
- Meaning: Classification of living beings - Subject: Types of jīvas, life-forms, जीव-विज्ञान
- Prajñāpanā Sūtra
- Meaning: Explanatory text - Subject: Detailed classification of soul, matter, world, karma
- Sūryaprajñapti Sūtra
- Meaning: Explanation of the Sun - Subject: Sun, astronomy, cosmic structure
- Jambūdvīpa-prajñapti Sūtra
- Meaning: Explanation of Jambūdvīpa - Subject: Jain geography and cosmic continents
- Candraprajñapti Sūtra
- Meaning: Explanation of the Moon - Subject: Moon, time, astronomy
- Nirayāvalikā Sūtra
- Meaning: Series on hellish births - Subject: Suffering caused by bad karma
- Kalpāvataṃsikā Sūtra
- Meaning: Garland of heavenly stories - Subject: Celestial births and karma
- Puṣpikā Sūtra
- Meaning: Flower-like text - Subject: Heavenly beings, karmic fruits
- Puṣpacūlikā Sūtra
- Meaning: Flower-crested text - Subject: Related heavenly and karmic narratives
- Vṛṣṇidaśā Sūtra
- Meaning: Ten chapters of the Vṛṣṇi clan - Subject: Jain history and related stories
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C. 4 Mūlasūtras
These are basic foundational texts for study and practice.
- Āvaśyaka Sūtra
- Meaning: Daily essentials - Subject: Essential daily practices, repentance, worship, self-review
- Daśavaikālika Sūtra
- Meaning: Tenfold code for monks - Subject: Monastic discipline, ethics, conduct
- Uttarādhyayana Sūtra
- Meaning: Later or concluding teachings - Subject: Core Jain teachings, stories, renunciation, ethics
- Oghaniryukti
- Meaning: Practical code / explanation - Subject: Monastic rules, conduct, practical discipline
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D. 5 Chedsūtras in this 32-count framework
These deal mainly with monastic discipline, faults, penance, and correction.
- Daśāśrutaskandha
- Meaning: Sections on ten-fold discipline - Subject: Rules, faults, penance, monastic order
- Kalpa Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of proper conduct / chronology - Subject: Lives of Tīrthaṅkaras, especially Mahāvīra; monastic rules
- Vyavahāra Sūtra
- Meaning: Text of procedure / legal conduct - Subject: Discipline, confession, penance, procedures in monastic life
- Niśītha Sūtra
- Meaning: Night-time / strict code text - Subject: Very strict monastic discipline and prohibited conduct
- Jitakalpa Sūtra
- Meaning: Conquered disciplinary code - Subject: Rules of correction, penance, and orderly conduct
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3) Simple classification in one view
By subject
- Conduct and discipline: Ācārāṅga, Daśavaikālika, Vyavahāra, Niśītha, Jitakalpa
- Philosophy and doctrine: Sūtrakṛtāṅga, Bhagavatī, Prajñāpanā
- Stories and examples: Jñātādharmakathā, Upāsakadashā, Antakṛddaśā, Anuttaropapātikadaśā, Vipākaśruta
- Cosmology and astronomy: Sthānāṅga, Samavāyāṅga, Sūryaprajñapti, Candraprajñapti, Jambūdvīpa-prajñapti
- Living beings and karma: Jīvābhigama, Prajñāpanā, Nirayāvalikā, Kalpāvataṃsikā, Puṣpikā, Puṣpacūlikā
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4) Digambar and Śvetāmbara differences
Śvetāmbara view
- Śvetāmbaras accept the Aagam canon as preserved in their tradition.
- They study texts in Ardhamāgadhī Prākrit.
- The Aagams are central for scriptural authority.
Digambar view
- Digambaras hold that the original complete Aagams were not preserved in full.
- So they do not accept the Śvetāmbara Aagams as the final canonical scripture in the same way.
- Digambar authority is given more to texts like:
Main practical difference
- Śvetāmbara: Aagams are the main scripture tradition.
- Digambar: The original Aagams are considered largely lost; later authoritative works are emphasized.
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5) Very simple one-line meaning of “Aagam”
Aagam means: the sacred teachings received through the Tīrthaṅkaras and preserved by the Ganadharas and śruta tradition.---
If you want, I can next make this into a very neat one-page table in Hindi-English, which is easier to memorize.