Answer

Jain Dharma teaches 12 types of tap (tapas).

Explanation

These are divided into 2 main groups:

• 6 Bahya Tap — external austerities
• 6 Abhyantar Tap — internal austerities

6 Bahya Tap:

1. Anashan — fasting
2. Unodari — eating less than needed
3. Vritti-sankshep — limiting desires and food choices
4. Rasa-tyag — giving up tasty foods
5. Kaya-klesha — bearing physical hardship for spiritual growth
6. Sanlinata — staying disciplined and restrained

6 Abhyantar Tap:

1. Prayashchitta — repentance
2. Vinaya — humility
3. Vaiyavruttya — service to saints and the needy
4. Swadhyaya — study of scriptures
5. Dhyana — meditation
6. Kayotsarga — detachment from the body

Spiritual Understanding

Tap helps the soul become lighter by reducing karma. In Jain Dharma, tap is not only physical austerity but also inner discipline, self-control, and purification of the mind.

Takeaway

So, Jain Dharma has 12 types of tap — 6 external and 6 internal.