Answer

Mahavir Jayanti and Mahavir Janma Vachan are related, but they are not exactly the same observance.

• Mahavir Jayanti is the celebration of Lord Mahavir’s birth.
• Mahavir Janma Vachan is the ritual reading or recitation of the birth story of Lord Mahavir in a Jain temple or religious सभा.

So, they can appear on different dates because they are two different observances in the same devotional context, not one single event.

Explanation

In Jain tradition:

• Jayanti means a birth anniversary or celebration day.
• Janma Vachan means reading aloud the sacred account of the birth.

Sometimes:

• the birth anniversary is observed on one tithi,
• and the scriptural reading ceremony is kept on another convenient or traditional date,
• especially when communities follow different local customs or temple schedules.

So the difference in dates does not mean there are two different birthdays. It is only the difference between:

1. celebrating the birth, and
2. reciting the birth narration.

Spiritual Understanding

This distinction is meaningful because Jain Dharma honors both:

• the divine birth of a Tirthankar, and
• the listening to and reflecting on his life story.

Mahavir Jayanti inspires devotion and remembrance. Mahavir Janma Vachan deepens understanding and श्रद्धा through scriptural listening.

Both help a seeker remember Lord Mahavir’s message of:

• अहिंसा
• सत्य
• अपरिग्रह
• संयम

Takeaway

Mahavir Jayanti is the celebration of Lord Mahavir’s birth. Mahavir Janma Vachan is the reading of the birth account. They may fall on different dates because they are different observances, not different events.