Answer

In Jain cosmology, Paramadhami usually means Paramādhārmika devas or demon-like hell attendants. They are described as beings who torment hellish beings (narakiya jivas) and are active only up to the third hell. ( jainqq.org)

Explanation

The 15 types of Paramadhami mentioned in Jain texts are: ( jainqq.org)

1. Amba — throw the hell-being up and then suddenly down. ( jainqq.org)
2. Amba Risi / Ambarish — cut the body into pieces and cook it. ( jainqq.org)
3. Shyam — beat with ropes, legs, and fists, then throw into filthy places. ( jainqq.org)
4. Shabal — pull out intestines, nerves, and similar parts. ( jainqq.org)
5. Rudra — pierce with spears and other sharp points. ( jainqq.org)
6. Uparudra — tear apart the limbs. ( jainqq.org)
7. Kala — roast the being in a vessel. ( jainqq.org)
8. Mahakala — cut flesh into pieces and force the being to eat it. ( jainqq.org)
9. Asipatra — create sword-leaf forests and hurl the leaves so the body is cut apart. ( jainqq.org)
10. Dhanu / Dhanush — shoot sharp arrows, piercing ears, nose, and other parts. ( jainqq.org)
11. Kumbha — cook the being in vessels with narrow mouths. ( jainqq.org)
12. Valuka / Balu — roast the being in burning sand. ( jainqq.org)
13. Vaitarani — throw the being into the foul Vaitarani stream and force it to swim. ( jainqq.org)
14. Kharasvara — force the being to climb the thorny Shalmali tree and then pull it around. ( jainqq.org)
15. Mahaghosha — imprison the terrified beings and stop them with a dreadful roaring sound. ( jainqq.org)

Spiritual Understanding

In Jain teaching, these beings show that karma brings precise results. Hellish suffering is not random; it is part of the fruit of one’s own actions. The Paramadhami devas are described as instruments of that karmic suffering, not as beings to be worshipped. ( jainqq.org)

Takeaway

So, in simple words: Paramadhami are 15 hell-attendant classes in Jain cosmology who torture hell beings in different ways, mainly in the first three hells. ( jainqq.org)