Answer

Terapanth began as a Jain reform movement in the 18th century, started by Acharya Bhikshu, also known as Swami Bhikhanji, in Rajasthan.

Explanation

• It emerged in 1760 CE in Kelwa, Rajasthan.
• Acharya Bhikshu felt that Jain practice needed greater discipline, purity, and unity.
• Because of differences in views and practices, he separated from the Sthanakvasi tradition and formed a new order.
• Terapanth became known for:

- strict monastic discipline - one Acharya at a time - organized and unified structure - strong emphasis on non-violence, self-control, and purity of conduct

Spiritual Understanding

Terapanth was started to bring greater clarity and discipline in Jain spiritual life. Its purpose was to strengthen:

• right conduct
• obedience to vows
• simplicity
• inner purification

In Jain Dharma, such reform movements are meant to protect the essence of the path: ahiṁsā, संयम, and आत्मशुद्धि.

Takeaway

In short, Terapanth started in 1760 CE by Acharya Bhikshu in Rajasthan as a disciplined Jain reform movement.