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  • author Posted by
    Jain Follower

    dev four bedh

    one year ago 163

    In Jainism, Dev refers to celestial beings or deities. The concept of "Dev na chaar bhed" (four types of celestial beings) is a significant classification in Jain cosmology. The four main categories of heavenly beings (Dev) are:

    1. Bhavanapati (Abode-lords): These are the lowest order of heavenly beings, residing in mansions or palaces beneath the earth (subterranean heavens).
    2. Vyantara (Intermediaries or Peripatetic Devas): These celestial beings live in the intermediate space between earth and the lower heavens. They are known to move about and are sometimes depicted as yakshas and yakshinis.
    3. Jyotishka (Luminaries or Stellar Devas): These are the celestial beings who inhabit and preside over the heavenly bodies like the sun, moon, stars, and planets.
    4. Vaimānika (Heavenly or Astral Devas): These are the highest class among the heavenly beings, residing in the upper heavenly abodes (heavens above the earth).

    Each of these four categories is further divided into several sub-categories, and they all have different levels of merits and enjoyments according to their karmic results. However, Jainism teaches that even celestial beings are bound by karma and are not liberated; only through human birth and the practice of right conduct can one attain liberation (moksha).

    Summary Table:

    | Type of Dev | Description | |------------------------|------------------------------------------------| | Bhavanapati | Abode-lord, reside in mansions below earth | | Vyantara | Intermediaries, move between realms | | Jyotishka | Luminaries, in celestial bodies | | Vaimānika | Heavenly deities in upper heavens |

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