Answer

The main sects among Jains arose gradually from historical, monastic, and regional differences after the time of Bhagwan Mahavira. The two principal traditions are:

• Digambara
• Śvetāmbara

Later, each of these developed smaller sub-sects.

Explanation

The genesis of Jain sects was mainly due to differences in:

• Monastic discipline

Some groups emphasized complete nudity for monks as the ideal of renunciation, while others accepted white cloth as part of monk life.

• Scriptural preservation

Over time, Jain scriptures were transmitted orally, and different regions preserved different collections and interpretations.

• Historical events

Jain communities spread across different regions of India. As they adapted to local conditions, differences in practice became stronger.

• Ritual and temple customs

As Jainism developed over centuries, various communities followed different styles of worship, icon installation, and religious observance.

• Monastic and community traditions

Teachers, monks, and lay communities formed lineages that preserved specific practices, which later became distinct sects.

Spiritual Understanding

In Jain Dharma, these sects are generally understood as historical branches of the same मूल teachings of the Tirthankars. The core principles remain shared:

• अहिंसा
• सत्य
• अचौर्य
• ब्रह्मचर्य
• अपरिग्रह

So, while sects differ in external practices, the central aim remains the same: purification of the soul and liberation from karma.

Takeaway

The different sects among Jains did not begin from different core beliefs, but from historical differences in discipline, scriptural transmission, and practice. The inner goal of all Jain traditions remains moksha through right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct.