Panch abhigamma ki Tyagi vastu
In Jainism, "Panch Abhigamya ki Tyagi Vastu" (पंच अभिगम्य की त्यागी वस्तु) refers to the five substances or things that a Jain ascetic (sadhu or sadhvi) must renounce or avoid during the daily ritual of "Abhigraha" (intention for food or alms, known as gochari). These substances are considered impure or unsuitable for consumption according to Jain monastic conduct.
The Panch Abhigamya (Five Avoidables) are:
- Ratri-bhojan (रात्रि-भोजन) – Food prepared or given at night. Monks and nuns do not accept food after sunset to avoid violence to micro-organisms that are more prevalent at night.
- Adhobhakta (अधोभक्त) – Food kept on the ground directly or below the waist level, as it is considered impure.
- Aparyushita (अपार्युषित) – Stale food, i.e., food prepared on a previous day or not freshly cooked on the same day.
- Abhakshya (अभक्ष्य) – Forbidden or unsuitable foods, such as root vegetables, fermented items, or those not permitted by Jain scriptures.
- Sankramana (सङ्क्रमण) – Food that has been touched, handled, or contaminated by insects, animals, or non-Jains, or food that has changed hands many times.
These five are collectively known as "Panch Abhigamya Tyag," and Jain monks and nuns take a vow to avoid these as a part of their strict adherence to non-violence (ahimsa) and purity in food intake.
References:
- Jain Agamas (Acharanga Sutra, Vyavahara Bhashya)
- "Jainism: The World of Conquerors" by Natubhai Shah
- "Jain Dharma ka Maulik Swarup" (by various Jain Acharyas)