Answer

In Jain Dharma, the six Āvaśyaks of Pratikraman are:

• 1. Sāmāyik – practice of equanimity and spiritual steadiness
• 2. Chauvīsaththo / Chaturviṁśati-stava – praise of the 24 Tirthankars
• 3. Vandanā – respectful salutation to monks, nuns, and spiritual teachers
• 4. Pratikraman – repentance and reflection on faults committed
• 5. Kāyotsarga – detachment from the body and deep spiritual meditation
• 6. Pratyākhyān / Pachchakkhān – taking vows or renunciations for self-discipline

Explanation

These six are called Āvaśyak, meaning “essential duties” for spiritual purification.

• Sāmāyik helps the soul remain calm and free from attachment and aversion.
• Chaturviṁśati-stava develops devotion toward the 24 Tirthankars.
• Vandanā cultivates humility and respect for the Guru.
• Pratikraman means looking back at one’s mistakes and seeking forgiveness.
• Kāyotsarga teaches separation of the soul from the body.
• Pratyākhyān strengthens restraint by making sincere vows.

Spiritual Understanding

The six Āvaśyaks guide a Jain devotee from self-awareness to repentance, humility, meditation, and discipline. Together, they purify thoughts, speech, and actions.

Takeaway

The six Āvaśyaks are the core spiritual practices of Pratikraman, helping the soul move toward purity, restraint, and liberation.