Answer

In Jain tradition, there are 24 Tirthankars in the present Avasarpiṇī kāl. However, the names of their wives are not uniformly emphasized across all Jain traditions and texts.

Below is the commonly accepted traditional list where names are well known:

• 1. Bhagwan Rishabhdev / Adinath — Sumangala and Sunanda
• 2. Bhagwan Ajitnath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 3. Bhagwan Sambhavnath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 4. Bhagwan Abhinandannath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 5. Bhagwan Sumatinath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 6. Bhagwan Padmaprabhu — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 7. Bhagwan Suparshvanath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 8. Bhagwan Chandraprabhu — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 9. Bhagwan Pushpadant / Suvidhinath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 10. Bhagwan Sheetalnath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 11. Bhagwan Shreyansnath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 12. Bhagwan Vasupujya — Generally understood to have remained unmarried
• 13. Bhagwan Vimalnath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 14. Bhagwan Anantnath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 15. Bhagwan Dharmanath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 16. Bhagwan Shantinath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 17. Bhagwan Kunthunath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 18. Bhagwan Arahnath / Aranath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 19. Bhagwan Mallinath — Generally understood to have remained unmarried
• 20. Bhagwan Munisuvrat Swami — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 21. Bhagwan Naminath — Not commonly emphasized in standard devotional tradition
• 22. Bhagwan Neminath / Arishtanemi — Traditionally betrothed to Rajimati / Rajul, but he renounced before marriage
• 23. Bhagwan Parshvanath — Prabhavati
• 24. Bhagwan Mahavirswami — Yashoda according to Shvetambar tradition; Digambar tradition generally holds that Bhagwan Mahavir remained unmarried

Explanation

The most widely remembered marital details are:

• Bhagwan Rishabhdev had two queens: Sumangala and Sunanda.
• Bhagwan Neminath was engaged to Rajimati, but renounced worldly life before marriage.
• Bhagwan Parshvanath is traditionally associated with Princess Prabhavati.
• Bhagwan Mahavirswami is associated with Yashoda in Shvetambar tradition, while Digambar tradition differs.
• Bhagwan Vasupujya and Bhagwan Mallinath are generally understood to have remained unmarried.

Spiritual Understanding

In Jain Dharma, the spiritual greatness of a Tirthankar is not centered on royal life, marriage, or family identity. The true focus is their:

• perfect renunciation,
• destruction of karma,
• attainment of Keval Jnan,
• establishment of the fourfold Jain Sangh,
• and final liberation, Moksha.

Takeaway

The wives or royal associations of some Tirthankars are known in tradition, but Jain Dharma primarily remembers the Tirthankars for their path of renunciation, omniscience, compassion, and liberation.