Answer

In Jain Dharma, Sāmāyik can be done at any suitable time when the mind is calm and one can sit peacefully with discipline.

Traditionally, the best times are:

• Morning – after waking up and becoming clean
• Evening – especially around sunset
• Night – before sleeping, for reflection and repentance

A Sāmāyik is usually performed for about 48 minutes, with the intention of remaining in equanimity and avoiding sinful activities during that period.

Explanation

Sāmāyik means to become established in samata — equanimity. During Sāmāyik, one tries to remain free from anger, pride, deceit, greed, attachment, aversion, and harmful thoughts.

It is especially meaningful when done:

• before beginning the day, to purify one’s thoughts
• after daily activities, to calm the mind
• after any mistake, anger, or conflict, as a form of inner correction
• on special Jain days such as Pakkhi, Chaumasi, Samvatsari, Paryushan, Ayambil Oli, or other days of religious observance

Spiritual Understanding

The true purpose of Sāmāyik is not only sitting for a fixed time, but becoming like a sadhu or sadhvi in conduct for that period — peaceful, restrained, non-violent, and detached.

Takeaway

You may do Sāmāyik whenever you can do it with purity, focus, and devotion. Morning and evening are especially recommended, but the most important thing is the feeling of equanimity, self-control, and inner purification.