Answer

In the Śvetāmbara Jain tradition, the terms 13 Panthi and 20 Panthi generally refer to two different sub-groups or observance styles, especially connected with temple practices, rituals, and community customs.

• 13 Panthi means a group traditionally associated with following 13 main rules/practices.
• 20 Panthi means a group traditionally associated with following 20 main rules/practices.

These terms are most commonly heard among Śvetāmbara Mūrtipūjak Jains in some regions.

Explanation

The difference is not about believing in different Tīrthankars or different core Jain principles. Both accept the basic Jain teachings such as:

• Ahimsa
• Anekāntavāda
• Aparigraha
• Karma theory
• Worship of the Jinas
• Importance of samyak darshan, samyak jnan, and samyak charitra

The distinction is more about ritual discipline and traditional conduct, such as details of pūjā, temple worship, food discipline, and certain community practices.

In simple words:

• 13 Panthi = follows a set of 13 traditional observances.
• 20 Panthi = follows a set of 20 traditional observances.

However, the exact list of these 13 or 20 points may vary by region, lineage, and local community memory.

Spiritual Understanding

From the Jain point of view, such differences are secondary compared to the main goal of Jain Dharma:

• Reducing attachment and aversion
• Practicing non-violence
• Purifying the soul
• Following the path shown by the Tīrthankars

A Jain should understand such community differences respectfully and avoid criticism or pride based on sect or sub-sect.

Takeaway

13 Panthi and 20 Panthi in Śvetāmbara Jainism refer to traditional sub-groups based mainly on differences in ritual and observance, not differences in the core Jain philosophy.