So why can't there be more than 24 souls which can become tirthankars in one chovisi?
Answer
In Jain Dharma, one Chovisi means the set of exactly 24 Tirthankars who appear in a particular half-cycle of time. So there cannot be “more than 24 Tirthankars in one Chovisi” because the word Chovisi itself means a group of 24.
Explanation
According to Jain cosmology, time moves in endless cycles, and each full time cycle has two halves:
- Utsarpini — ascending half-cycle
- Avasarpini — descending half-cycle
In each such half-cycle, in the appropriate region and period, exactly 24 Tirthankars manifest and re-establish the Jain Sangh.
A Tirthankar is not merely a liberated soul. Many souls can attain moksha. But a Tirthankar is a special supreme spiritual teacher who:
- attains Keval Gyan,
- establishes the fourfold Sangh,
- revives the path of liberation for others,
- possesses Tirthankar-nam-karma.
Only those souls who have bound Tirthankar-nam-karma in past lives become Tirthankars. Jain tradition states that in one half-cycle, exactly 24 such Tirthankars appear.
Spiritual Understanding
The number 24 is not presented as a random human rule. It is part of the fixed cosmic order described in Jain tradition. Just as time cycles, eras, lifespans, and spiritual conditions follow a definite order in Jain cosmology, the appearance of 24 Tirthankars in one Chovisi is also part of that order.
This does not mean only 24 souls can attain liberation. Countless souls can become Siddhas. But only 24 souls in one such cycle become Tirthankars—the great ford-makers who show the path to others.
Takeaway
More than 24 souls can attain moksha, but in one Chovisi, Jain tradition accepts exactly 24 Tirthankars. The limitation is not on liberation; it is on the special role of Tirthankarhood within that cosmic time-cycle.