Jainism is one of the oldest religions originating in India. According to Jain tradition, its origins are eternal, meaning the teachings of the Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers) have always existed in the universe. However, in historical terms, Jainism as a distinct religious tradition can be traced back to the time of Lord Rishabhanatha (the first Tirthankara), who is considered the founder of Jainism in this time cycle.

The most recent and well-known Tirthankara is Lord Mahavira (599–527 BCE), who revitalized and reorganized the Jain community in the 6th century BCE. Mahavira was a contemporary of Gautama Buddha and is regarded as the 24th Tirthankara of the present time cycle (Avasarpini). His teachings form the basis of Jain philosophy, ethics, and practices followed by Jains today.

Jainism emphasizes non-violence (ahimsa), truth (satya), non-stealing (asteya), celibacy (brahmacharya), and non-possessiveness (aparigraha) as its main principles. The tradition maintains that countless souls have attained liberation (moksha) by following these teachings throughout countless ages.