Answer

In Jain cosmology, both Puṣkarvar Dvīp and Nandīśvar Dvīp are not ordinary places on Earth. They are part of the Jain description of the Madhya Loka — the middle universe where humans, animals, and certain heavenly beings exist.

• Puṣkarvar Dvīp is a great circular island-continent located beyond Dhātakīkhaṇḍ Dvīp.
• Nandīśvar Dvīp is a divine island-continent located much farther away in Jain cosmology, beyond the regions inhabited by ordinary humans.

Explanation

Jain cosmology describes the middle world as a system of circular continents and oceans arranged around Jambūdvīp, where our human region is located.

The general order is:

• Jambūdvīp
• Lavaṇ Samudra
• Dhātakīkhaṇḍ Dvīp
• Kālodadhi Samudra
• Puṣkarvar Dvīp

So, Puṣkarvar Dvīp surrounds the Kālodadhi ocean and lies outside Dhātakīkhaṇḍ Dvīp.

Nandīśvar Dvīp is farther out in Madhya Loka. It is especially important in Jain tradition because it contains divine Jin temples where celestial beings worship the Tīrthankars. Human beings from our world cannot physically travel there.

Spiritual Understanding

Nandīśvar Dvīp has great devotional significance. During festivals such as Aṣṭāhnika, Jains especially remember and worship the Jin temples of Nandīśvar Dvīp.

It represents pure devotion, reverence for the Arihants, and the greatness of Jain Dharma beyond our visible world.

Takeaway

Puṣkarvar Dvīp and Nandīśvar Dvīp are sacred cosmological regions described in Jain tradition. They are not geographical locations on Earth, but parts of the Jain universe, with Nandīśvar Dvīp being especially revered for its divine Jin temples.