Answer

In Jain Dharma, the 14 Niyamas generally refer to the 14 types of rules or self-restrictions a person may take for spiritual discipline.

Their names are:

• Sachitta Tyāg – avoiding living/raw food items
• Dravya Maryādā – limiting the number of food items
• Vigai Tyāg – avoiding rich/tasty foods such as milk, curd, ghee, oil, jaggery/sweets, etc.
• Upānah Tyāg – giving up footwear
• Tambol Tyāg – avoiding betel leaf, areca nut, mouth fresheners, etc.
• Vastra Maryādā – limiting clothes
• Pushpa Tyāg – avoiding flowers and decoration for pleasure
• Vāhana Tyāg – giving up vehicles
• Shayan Maryādā – limiting bedding or sleeping comforts
• Snān Tyāg – giving up bathing for a fixed period as a tapas/niyam
• Brahmacharya – observing celibacy
• Ārambha Tyāg – giving up worldly activities involving harm
• Bhoga-Upabhoga Maryādā – limiting consumable and reusable pleasures
• Āhār Maryādā – limiting food, time, place, or quantity of eating

Takeaway

The purpose of these 14 Niyamas is to reduce attachment, control desires, practice self-discipline, and move closer to the Jain path of restraint and purification.