Paryushan is one of the most significant festivals in Jainism, observed primarily by the Shwetambar sect for 8 days (while Digambar Jains observe a similar festival called Das Lakshan Parva for 10 days). The word "Paryushan" means "to stay in one place," symbolizing a period of deep reflection, self-purification, and spiritual upliftment.

Reasons for 8 Days:

1. Significance of 8 Qualities: The 8 days represent the eight fundamental qualities or virtues that a Jain seeks to cultivate: forgiveness (kshama), humility (mardava), straightforwardness (arjava), contentment (santosh), truthfulness (satya), self-restraint (samyam), penance (tapa), and renunciation (tyag).

1. Scriptural Tradition: The Jain scriptures prescribe an 8-day period for intensified spiritual practices, such as fasting, meditation, scriptural study, and seeking forgiveness. The Kalpasutra, a revered Jain text, is recited and studied during these days.

1. Association with Mahavira: Paryushan often ends with Samvatsari, the day on which Lord Mahavira, the 24th Tirthankara, granted universal forgiveness. This reinforces the festival’s focus on self-purification, forgiveness, and spiritual progress.

1. Historical Practice: Traditionally, Jain monks and nuns would settle in one place during the monsoon to avoid harming living beings. Paryushan falls during this period and serves as a spiritual retreat for the lay community as well.

In summary: Paryushan is celebrated for 8 days by Shwetambar Jains to focus on spiritual upliftment, self-discipline, and the cultivation of core Jain virtues, as prescribed in Jain scriptures and tradition.