Paryushan is one of the most important annual festivals in Jainism. It is a period dedicated to spiritual upliftment, self-discipline, and reflection. The word "Paryushan" means "to stay in one place" or "to come together," symbolizing a time for Jains to intensively practice their core principles.

Key aspects of Paryushan:

1. Duration:

- For Śvetāmbara Jains, Paryushan lasts 8 days. - For Digambara Jains, a similar festival called Das Lakshana Parva lasts 10 days.

1. Practices:

- Increased focus on ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truth), aparigraha (non-possessiveness), and other vows. - Fasting or eating only one meal a day, according to individual capacity. - Daily meditation, prayer, and studying Jain scriptures, especially the Kalpasutra (for Śvetāmbara) or Tattvartha Sutra (for Digambara). - Confession of past mistakes and seeking forgiveness (pratikraman).

1. Forgiveness:

- The festival culminates with the observance of "Samvatsari" (for Śvetāmbara) or "Kshamavani" (for Digambara), where Jains ask for forgiveness from all living beings, saying "Micchami Dukkadam," meaning "May all the evil that has been done be in vain (forgiven)."

1. Spiritual Significance:

- It is a time for self-purification, atonement, and spiritual renewal. - Jains strive to reduce their karmic burden through austerities, introspection, and renunciation.

Paryushan is thus a period of intense spiritual practice, self-restraint, and seeking forgiveness, reflecting the core Jain values of compassion, non-violence, and self-improvement.