In Jainism, Paryushan is a significant festival focused on spiritual purification, self-restraint, and penance (taap). During Paryushan, various types of taap (austerities or penances) may be performed to purify the soul and accumulate spiritual merit.

Common types of taap (austerities) practiced during Paryushan include:

1. Anshan (Fasting)

• Complete abstinence from food for one or more days.
• Some undertake prolonged fasts like Atthai (8 days), Attham (3 days), or Masakshaman (one month).

2. Unodari

• Eating less than one's hunger demands (consuming only a portion of what one normally eats).

3. Vruti Sankshep

• Limiting the number of food items or types of food consumed.

4. Ras Parityag

• Giving up favorite tastes or certain categories of food (e.g., sweets, milk, ghee, oil, spices).

5. Ekasana

• Eating only once in a day.

6. Biyasana

• Eating twice in a day (with restrictions).

7. Upvas

• Complete fasting for a day (not even consuming water after sunset, depending on tradition).

8. Ayambil

• Eating only one bland meal in a day, without salt, oil, sugar, milk, curd, ghee, or fruits.

9. Paushadh

• Living like a monk/nun for a day, observing strict rules, and renouncing household activities.

10. Vivikta Shayyasana

• Sleeping on the floor or in a simple place, avoiding comfort.

11. Kayaklesh

• Subjecting the body to hardship for spiritual purposes (within healthy limits).

---

Note: The choice of which taap to practice depends on one's health, capacity, and spiritual inclination. It is essential to perform these austerities with the right intention—spiritual upliftment, non-attachment, and self-purification—and not for show or ego.

Paryushan is a time for reflection, penance, and deepening one's practice of Samyama (self-restraint) and Pratikraman (introspection and repentance), often accompanied by taap.

If you have a specific type of taap in mind or wish to know the procedure for any, please ask!