Jainism is one of the oldest religions of India, with roots tracing back to the earliest periods of Indian civilization. It is an ancient, non-theistic religion that emphasizes non-violence (ahimsa), truth (satya), non-stealing (asteya), celibacy (brahmacharya), and non-possessiveness (aparigraha). Here is an overview of Jainism:

Founders and Tirthankaras:

• Jainism recognizes 24 Tirthankaras (spiritual teachers or 'ford-makers'), who revived and taught the path to liberation (moksha). The first Tirthankara was Rishabhanatha, and the last was Mahavira (599–527 BCE), who is historically credited as the re-organizer of Jainism in its present form.

Core Principles:

1. Ahimsa (Non-violence): The central tenet of Jainism. Jains believe in causing no harm to any living being, whether in thought, word, or deed.
2. Satya (Truth): Always speak the truth.
3. Asteya (Non-stealing): Do not take anything that is not willingly given.
4. Brahmacharya (Celibacy or Chastity): Maintain purity of mind and body; monks and nuns practice complete celibacy.
5. Aparigraha (Non-possessiveness): Limit attachment to material possessions.

Beliefs:

• Soul (Jiva) and Karma: Every living being has an eternal soul, and the soul’s bondage in the cycle of birth and death is caused by karma (actions and their consequences).
• Liberation (Moksha): The ultimate goal is liberation of the soul from the cycle of birth and death (samsara) through purification and self-discipline.
• Anekantavada (Non-absolutism): Truth and reality are perceived differently from diverse points of view; no single human view can claim absolute truth.

Scriptures:

• Jain scriptures are called Agamas. The Digambara and Svetambara sects have different collections of texts.

Sects:

• Svetambara: Monks wear white clothes; accept the possibility of women’s liberation.
• Digambara: Monks practice nudity as a symbol of renunciation; believe women must be reborn as men to attain liberation.

Practices:

• Vegetarianism: Strict vegetarianism is essential.
• Meditation and Self-discipline: Daily prayers, meditation, fasting, and rituals for self-purification.
• Paryushan: The most important festival, focusing on fasting, forgiveness, and spiritual upliftment.
• Sallekhana: A voluntary, gradual spiritual fast unto death, practiced by some at the end of life.

Temples and Symbols:

• Jain temples are known for their art and architecture (e.g., Dilwara Temples, Ranakpur Temple).
• Important symbols include the Swastika, the hand with a wheel (symbolizing ahimsa), and the Jain emblem.

Ethical Conduct:

• Lay followers (Shravakas) follow twelve vows of limited renunciation.
• Monks and nuns (Sadhus and Sadhvis) follow the five great vows (Mahavratas) in their strictest form.

Influence and Legacy:

• Jainism has profoundly influenced Indian culture, art, philosophy, and the principle of non-violence, notably influencing Mahatma Gandhi.

If you would like more details on any specific aspect of Jainism, please ask!