what are the 8 days of paryushan parv
In Jainism, Paryushan Parv is one of the most important annual festivals, observed for 8 days by the Shwetambar sect (and 10 days by the Digambar sect, where it is known as Das Lakshan Parva). The 8 days of Paryushan are dedicated to spiritual upliftment, self-purification, and penance.
While each day does not have a specific, universally fixed name or theme, the general practices and focus during the 8 days are as follows:
- First Day: Beginning of Paryushan with prayers, rituals, and taking vows (vratas).
- Second Day: Continued reading and listening to Jain scriptures, especially the Kalpasutra, and self-reflection.
- Third Day: Focus on non-violence (ahimsa) and truth (satya), and further self-discipline.
- Fourth Day: Emphasis on non-stealing (asteya), celibacy (brahmacharya), and non-possession (aparigraha).
- Fifth Day: Deepening meditation, repentance (pratikraman), and forgiveness.
- Sixth Day: Increased austerity and fasting; special prayers.
- Seventh Day: Preparing for the final day, seeking forgiveness from all living beings.
- Eighth Day (Samvatsari): The most significant day, known as Samvatsari, dedicated to seeking and granting forgiveness (Michhami Dukkadam), performing atonement (pratikraman), and undertaking strict penance.
During all these days, Jains engage in:
- Prayers and rituals
- Scripture reading (Kalpasutra for Shwetambars)
- Fasting and dietary restrictions
- Self-study and introspection
- Seeking forgiveness and reconciliation
The focus throughout is on purification of the soul through right conduct, penance, and forgiveness.