Athai sham ka pachkan
In Jainism, "Athai Sham ka Pachkan" refers to the ritual of taking a vow or resolve (pachkan) for observing a fast of eight meals (Athai). "Athai" (अठाई) means a specific type of fasting where a devotee abstains from eating for a period that covers eight consecutive meals, which typically means about four days (as Jains usually have two meals a day).
The "Pachkan" is the formal statement or prayer recited to mentally and spiritually commit oneself to this observance. It is generally taken in the presence of a Jain monk, nun, or sometimes before an image of a Tirthankara.
Purpose of Athai Sham ka Pachkan:
- To purify the soul through austerity (tapas).
- To reduce attachment to food and bodily pleasures.
- To accumulate punya (spiritual merit) and destroy karmic bondage.
Typical Pachkan Statement: While the exact words may vary by tradition (Shwetambar or Digambar), the essence is:
"I take the vow to observe Athai, abstaining from food for eight consecutive meals, with the intention of spiritual purification, and following all the rules of Jain fasting. May I refrain from all sinful activities during this period."
How it is performed:
- The devotee performs the ritual of samayik (meditation/equanimity).
- They recite the pachkan in the presence of a spiritual mentor or in front of a Tirthankara idol.
- They formally resolve not to eat for the next eight meals.
- They maintain purity of mind, speech, and body throughout the period.
After the Fasting: Once the Athai is completed, the person performs "parna" (breaking the fast) with proper rituals, often with boiled water or light food.
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